Key Areas in Cardiology:

1. Preventive Cardiology:

Focuses on reducing risk factors (diet, exercise, smoking, cholesterol, hypertension).

2. Non-Invasive Cardiology:

Diagnosis without surgery (ECG, Echocardiogram, Stress Test, Holter monitoring).

3. Interventional Cardiology:

Minimally invasive procedures (Angioplasty, Stent placement).

4. Electrophysiology:

Deals with heart rhythm disorders and pacemaker/ICD implantation.

5. Cardiac Surgery Support:

Works closely with cardiothoracic surgeons for bypass surgery, valve replacement, etc.

Common Conditions Treated:

• Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)
• Heart Attack (Myocardial Infarction)
• Hypertension (High BP)
• Arrhythmias (Irregular Heartbeat)
• Heart Failure
• Valvular Heart Diseases
• Congenital Heart Defects

Diagnostic Tests:

• Electrocardiogram (ECG/EKG)
• Echocardiography
• Cardiac Stress Test
• Coronary Angiography
• CT/MRI of Heart
• Blood tests (cholesterol, cardiac enzymes, etc.)

Treatment Approaches:

• Lifestyle modification (diet, exercise, smoking cessation)
• Medications (blood thinners, beta-blockers, statins, ACE inhibitors)
• Interventions (angioplasty, stenting, ablation)
• Surgical option (bypass surgery, valve replacement, transplant in severe cases)
• Prevent disability through early treatment and rehabilitation.

Cardiology List:

In short, Cardiology ensures the healthy functioning of the heart and circulation system, preventing and treating cardiovascular diseases, which are among the leading causes of death worldwide.